Radiator



Sept. 30, 1924. 1,510,180

E. G. LINDHE RADIATOR Filed June 13. 1923 wmmwwwww Patented Sept.. 30, 13924.

1,5ltylttl feier..

vigil It.

ERIC Gr. LlINDl-IE, OF NEW' 'SFOR-11T., N. Y.

RADIATOR.

Application filed .Tune 13, 1923. Serial No, 645,050.

To all whom t may concer-n:

Be it known that l, Elue (l. LrNDr-rn, a

citizen of the United States residinL in the city ot New York. borough of Manhattan, in the county and State oi" New York9 have invented a certain new and useful .improvement in Radiators, of which the following is a specification.

rlhe invention relates to heat-exchange apparatus such as air cooled radiators for internal combustion engines, superheaters, condensers5 steam heating radiators and the like, and the object of the invention is to provide a structure of this character which shall be light, easily and economically constructed and in which the interchange of heat shall be rapid.

A 'further object is to provide a structure for such service comprising a plurality of tubes7 each adapted to offer greatly increased internal. and external surface areas, and so formed as to cause the medium passing therethrough to malte frequent changes in direction'so that all portions of the medium are presented Jfavorably to the tube wall.

Ano-ther important object is to arrange a group ci such tubes in a radiator' in such nia-nner as to insure increased circulation of the external cooling medium and the pres entation oit the latter to all faces of each tube, whereby the efliciency of the radiator is increased.

The invention consists in certain novel features and details of construction and arrangement by which the above objects are attained, to be hereinafter described and claimed.

rlhe accompanying drawings form a part oit this specilication and show an approved form of the invention as applied to the radiator of an automobile.

Figure 'l is a front elevation showing three adjacent tubes set in the plates of the upper and lower headers.

Figure 2 is a corresponding plan view showing group of nine tubes.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3*-3 in Figure l. l

Figure e is a similar View taken on the line 1 -4C in Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an elevation showing the same group of tubes seen angularly in the direc-- tion indicated by the arrow in Figure :2.

Figure 6 is an elevation of a tube-end on a larger scale, with a portion of the face brolten away sectionally to show the in terior.

Similar reference numerals indicate the saine parts in all the figures.

'.he tube is preferably formed by treata length oi seamless drawn cylindrical tubing. in suitable dies or otherwise, to pro4 duce a succession ot cells connected by flattened necl-rs or throats, the plane of each. throat lying at a right angle to the next. with the ends of the tube left in the original cylindrical form for easy attachment to the header plates or other connection.

The low-er plate of the upper header and upper plate of the lower header are marked 1G and ll respectively and receive the ends l2 oli' a group oit tubes and which may be understood to be soldered therein. The crin'iping` or compressing process by which the cells are formed shortens the tube, and the metal is merely orced inwardly trom opposite sides the walls are not drawn or strained and their strength is not impaired.

The cells are marked 13, and the con-- stricted flattened throats le., and7 as shown in iligures 3 and 4t, the alternate flattening or crimping in opposite directions to form the cells and throats changes the tube from the cylindrical to a rectangular 'form in plan.l having -tour faces each approximating the appearance shown in Figure l, and when viewed corner-wise appears as illustra' ed `in Figure 5.

ln grouping the tubes for service as an air-cooled radiator for cooling the circulating water of an automobile motor, the tubes are preferably arranged vertically in closely spacedl parallel rows, as shown, with their faces in the same vertical planes and with each series otthroats ill having the saine in clination lying in the same horizontal plane and at a right angle to the next succeeding series, thus producing a plurality ot' laterally extending diagonal air passages or channels l5 traversing the group alternately in opposite directions. The current of air induced by the usual fan7 not shown.v is diverted angularly to the right and lett by these channels and all parts of the external surfaces oil the tubes are bathed in the current by reason of the eddies and counter currents thus induced; there are no dead spaces or pockets.

The water traversing the interior of the tube changes its direction angularly in each lll) passage from one cell to the next and is also given a spiral movement, the combined etl'ect being to present positively all parte oit the Water column successively to the Walls of the tube. While there is no uninterrupted channel tor an idle flow of Water trom one header to the other, the changes in direction are not abrupt, the transition being easily and smoothly effected by the curved Walls ot the throats and cells. By the above described distribution and balilng of the air and Water currents the desired interchange ot heat units is eiiiciently attained.v

Although the invention is shown and described as applied to the radiator of an internal combustion engine, it Will be understood that the heat-exchange cellular tubes may be employed in steam heating radiators and in condensefs` superheaters, refrigerating apparatus, and in other Vheat-enchange situations to which they may be adapted.

The cylindrical tube-end in Figure G is shown screfthreaded to receive a return bend or other connection for house heating. In radiators or condensers tor cooling liquids the cell-shaped tube att'ords a marked eicieney by the upsetting or' the liquid column in the successive steps throughout the entire length of each tube unit. In an assembly of a plurality of tubes the louver principle employed tends to produce eddy currents in either the air or liquid circulating as the cooling agent, thereby effecting greater outer surface contact than normally would obtain in the use of cylindrical or other tubes of regular torni. These leatures are utilized to advantage in condensers or superlieaters as Well as in radiators.

I claim l. A radiator 'oinposed ot a plurality of tubes each comp lised of a series ot cells connected by tiattened throats, each alternate throat at an angle to the next, and arranged in a group vvith the throats ot the sana` angularity lying in the same planes, to produce a plurality ot series of channels between adjacent throats extending diago nally through such group.

9,. Ar radiator composed oit a plurality ot vertical tubes each con'iprising a series o1 cells' connected by iiattened throats` each alternate throat being at an angle to the next, said tubes arranged in rows with said throats extending diagonally to the vertical planes ot such roivs.

3. A radiator composed ot a plurality oi tubes each tormed oit a series of cells cou-- nected by liattened throats, meh alternate throat at a right angle to the next, said tubes arranged one behind the other in straight roivs in parallel vertical planes in both directions, with the throats ot the saine angularity lying in the same horizontal plane and at an angle to said vertical planes, to present a plurality of series ot horizontal channels extending diagonally through such rows, each series of channels crossing the next succeeding series.

In 'testimony that I claim the invention above set forth, I affix inv signature hereto.

Enro e. LrNnHn. 

